Lebanon: Facts & Stats

Demographics

Population:

The population of Lebanon is estimated at 3,578,037(2000 est.) As in many developing countries, a majority of Lebanese (around 90 percent) live in urban areas.

The population is unevenly distributed, with the vast majority of the population concentrated in the coastal cities of Beirut, Sidon, and Tyre, while other parts of the country, namely the Bekáa Valley, remain sparsely populated.

The capital Beirut and its suburbs have population of 1.3 million people. The northern city of Tripoli is the second largest in the country, with an estimated population of 450,000.

Welfare:

The basic labor laws were enacted in 1946, and in 1963, a Social Security law came into effect, which includes provisions for benefits such as end-of-service compensation, family allowance, sickness, maternity, and compensation for work-related accidents.

The legal framework also provided for a Labor Arbitration Council, a judicial committee that resolves disputes between employers and employees.

The National Social security Fund (NSSF) was established by a 1963 decree. It provides employees with national insurance coverage for sickness and maternity care. It also covers family allowance, end-of-service pensions, and work-related accidents and diseases. Any employee or laborer from any sector is eligible to enroll in the program.

Education:

Lebanon's illiteracy rate is relatively low for the Middle East. For the year 2000, adult illiteracy rates were estimated at 13.9% (males, 7.7%; females, 19.6%).

Free primary education was introduced in 1960, but about two-thirds of all students attend private schools. In 1997 there were 382,309 pupils in 2,160 primary schools. In the same year, there were 347,850 secondary school students.

The pupil-teacher ratio at the primary level was 19 to 1 in 1999. In the same year, 71% of primary-school-age children were enrolled in school, while 70% of those eligible attended secondary school. In 1996, the total enrollment for all higher-level institutions was 81,588 students with 10,444 instructors.

Religion:

Lebanon's population is highly divided along both religious and confessional lines (the presence of groups of different faiths within the same religion). Muslims in 2001 were believed to have accounted for 60 percent of the population. Christians form the second largest group in the country.

Lebanon is also home to some 200,000 Palestinian refugees, mostly Sunni Muslims, many of whom have lived in refugee camps since arriving in the country in 1948. For political reasons, no official census has been conducted since 1932. Muslim and Christian factions in Lebanon were engaged in a devastating civil war that began in 1975 and ended in 1990, when stability was restored to the country.

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